Casement window hinge



Dec. 11, 1951 H, A, BYRAM 2,577,738

CASEMENT WINDOW HINGE Filed June 30, 1947 2 SHEETS- SHEET l (lttorneg S H. A. BYRAM CASEMENT WINDOW HINGE Dec. 11, 1951 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed June 30, 1947 Patented Dec. 11, 195i 2,577,738 CASEMENT WINDOW HINGE Harry A; Byram, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor, by

decree of distribution, to Gertrude Nier Freeman and Mildred A. Nier Application June 30, 1947, Serial No. 758,186

(o1. 1ra-143)y 2 Claims.

This invention relates to easement windows and. operating structure therefor and more particularly to a window structure which lwill provide a tight closure with an inwardly swinging sash. Y

The mounting of easement windows in building structures has been a difficult problem. Inwardly swinging sashes have been objectionable because of difculty of sealing them to prevent entry of air, dust and rain. outwardly swinging sashes have been difficult to clean and require complicated screen structures and operating mechanisms. Despite the many efforts that have been made to provide a suitable window structure permitting easy operations as desired and ade quate weatherproofness, no satisfactory structure of neat appearance has been developed which has satisfactorily overcome the objections of the trade.

rIlhe objects of the present invention are to g provide a easement window structure economical to manufacture which overcomes the objections providing a neat, attractive, interior and exterior; to provide a easement window sash mounting which will permit easy operation and L inward swinging movement when unlatched; to provide for vsubstantially balancing the weight of the window sash; to provide an inwardly openingv easement window that when closed seals the window opening against entry of air, dust and l rain; to provide a self-locking hinge structure for aiding in eliminating rattling or looseness of the window structure; to provide a lock for the in selected open and closed position; and to provide a simple, sturdy window mounting which isA Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail perspective view of a window casing, sash and hinge therefor.

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view through the upper portion of the window sash illustrating the hinge mounting and the seal between the sash and the casing.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional View through the lower portion of the window structure showing the sash in closed position.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view through the hinge, particularly illustrating the hinge members when the window is in partly open position.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

i designates a building wall having an opening provided with a window casing 2. having the usual sill :i and side rails or jambs fi. The casing may be of any suitable size, however, a large win dow is illustrated wherein a fixed center member 5 provides a vertical division extending upwardly from the sill 3 to the top of the window casing, said fixed center having grooves 5 and 'l in the side faces thereof to receive window sash as later described. In tall windows it is desirable to have only a portion. of the opening provided with operating sash. Therefore in the illustrated window the opening in the casing is divided hori- Zontally by a transom bar t extending from the center bar to the side rails and suitably secured thereto, said transom bar having an upwardly extending flange 9 whereby fixed window panes i@ may be mounted on the transom bar and in the upper portion of the grooves and i in the fixed center member. In smaller windows the fixed panes may be eliminated and the transom bar forms the usual top rail of the window casing.

rwindow for positively holding the window sash In either case the transom bar is provided with a recess Il extending lengthwise of the transom bar to provide a vertical web l2 having an inwardly extending flange i3 terminating adjacent the inner surface of the bar in an upwardly extending rib I4, said rib lli being spaced from the web l2 to provide a groove i5 therebetween, the face of said groove adjacent said rib preferably being sloped to provide a seating surface VIt for the face Il of a hook-like portion i8 carried by an upwardly extending flange i@ of the top member 2S of the window sash 2i, the upper edge 22 of the member 2t being spaced from the flange i3 when the sash is in closed position whereby said window sash may be raised to disengageV the hook portion thereof from the rib I4 on the transom bar, said transom bar also having a depending flange 23 preferably overlapping the upper edge of the window sash to aid in the vproviding of a seal at the top of said sash.

The sill 3 is preferably provided with an abutment 24, preferably spaced inwardly from the vertical plane of the inner face of the rib i4 a distance substantially equal tothe thickness of theviiange lil, and the side rails of the window casing are preferably provided with grooves 25, the inner edges 25 of which are in the plane' defined by the abutment 24 and the inner edge of the grooves 6 and 1. The grooves 25 are preferably of square type and may be of any construction, but in order to provide long wear and facilitate the seal with the window sash said grooves are preferably provided by forming a sheet metal member 21 suitably secured to the casing, the outer portion of said grooves preferably being defined by a stop 23 adapted to engage the outer face 29 of the side members of the window sash. In large windows it is preferable that the opening defined by the side rails 4, center member 5, transom bar 8 and sills 3 be provided with a plurality of sash frames 3| and 32 hingedly connected as at 33 whereby said frames will fold as illustrated on the dotted lines in Fig. 2, to reduce the extension of the frame into a room when the sash is swung inwardly, each of the frames being provided with suitable glass window panes 34.

The frames 3| adjacent the side rails 4 are provided with upper and lower hinge brackets 35 and 36 having arms 31 extending inwardly and laterally of the window opening and terminating in sleeves 38, each having a bore 39 therein for pivotally mounting said sleeve on a pintle 43 extending upwardly from a boss 4i carried by suitable mounting plates 42 preferably mounted in recesses 43 in the side rails 4. The upper end of the sleeve 38 is provided with a threaded counterbore 44 to receive a cap 45 for closing the upper end of the bore 39, said cap being provided with a recess 46, the upper end of which is spaced from the upper end of the pintle 43 whereby a compression spring 41 may be placed in the bore 39, having one end engaging the pintle 46 in the recess 46 to exert pressure upwardly on the cap and sleeve, whereby all of the springs in the hinge member substantially balance the weight of the window sash carried thereby. The lower face 48 of the sleeve 38 preferably rests on the upper face 49 of the boss 4| when the window sash is in closed position, the sleeve being provided with a downwardly extending tongue 53 which projects into and seats in a recess 5| in the boss 4|, one of the side faces 52 of said tongues preferably being sloped to correspond with the slope of the corresponding side edge 53 of the recess 5|, whereby said tongue 5|) will be held against rotational movement when the window sash is in closed position.

Each of the sleeves 38 is provided with threaded bores 54 extending radially from the center thereof to receive a setscrew 55, which is provided on its inner end with a projection 56 adapted to extend into a vertical groove 51 in the pintle 45 when the sash is in closed position. The vertical groove terminates at its upper end in a horizontally arranged groove 58 extending around the pintle and preferably spaced from the face 49 of the boss 4| whereby when the projection 56 extends into the horizontal portion 58 of the groove the lower edge 59 of the sash frame will be located above the sill 3 and permit free swinging movement of the sash.

Suitable grips 63 may be applied to the sash frame for aiding in upward or downward movement of said window sash. The spring 41 may be arranged whereby the pressure exerted thereby on the window sash will provide a lifting force which is slightly greater than the weight of said sash, whereby the sash will be kept in its upward limit of travel for swinging movement except when latched in sealing position, or the spring may be so arranged that the lifting power thereof is slightly less than the weight of the window sash, whereby said sash will be automatically dropped into sealing position when the window is swung into alignment with the grooves 5 25 and abutment 24.

In order to latch the window sash in closed position, a latch member 6| is preferably pivotally mounted on the sash frame 3| and is provided with an arm 'S2 carrying a lug 63 adapted to be moved into engagement with a keeper 64 mounted in a recess in the sill 3, said latch member preferably being operated by a handle 65 and having a finger '66 projecting therefrom and adapted to be moved into engagement with recesses 61 radially arranged on the sill 3 relative to the axis of the pintle 46, whereby when the sash is partly opened the finger 56 may be engaged with said recesses 61 to lock the sash in the partly opened position.

In operating a window constructed and assembled as described and assuming the sash is in closed position as illustrated in Figs. 2, 4 and 5, the latch member 6| is rotated to disengage the lug 63 from the keeper 54, and if the springs are arranged to exert greater lifting force on the window than the weight of said window the sash will move upwardly to raise the lower edge 59 of the sash frame above the sill 3. If the springs exert a slightly less lifting force than the weight of the windows, a person may grasp the grips 66 and by a slight force exerted thereon lift the sash to raise the lower edge 59 thereof above the sill 3. When the edge 59 is located above the sill 3, the hook portion I8 on the upper frame member 26 of the sash will be disengaged from the rib I4 whereby said hook may move inwardly over the upper edge of said rib. The tongue 56 will also be raised completely out of the recess 5| and the projection 56 on the setscrew 55 will enter the horizontal portion 58 of the grooves in the pintle 40 to limit the upward movement of the window sash. The sash may then be swung inwardly and the sections 3| and 32 folded as illustrated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. If it is del sired that the window be only partly opened, the frame 3| may be swung inwardly until the finger 56 may be aligned with one of the recesses 61 and then moved into engagement therewith to anchor the sash in said selected position. When it is desired to shut the window the sash is swung outwardly and the frames 3| and 32 hinged relative to each other, whereby as the frames approach closing position the edge of the frame 32 adjacent the center 5 will move into the grooves therein and the side portion 30 of the frame 3| will enter the groove 25 on the side rails of the casing. When the respective frames 3| and 32 are moved into alignment with the abutment 24 the frames may be moved downwardly whereby G the lower portion of the frames 3| and 32 will engage said abutment 24 and the lower edge 59 will seat on the upper face 68 of the outer portion of the sill 3. Simultaneously the tongue 50 will enter the recess and the face 52 on said 65 tongue will engage the face 53 of said recess to support the sleeve and hinge member thereon and prevent same from rattling or other looseness. lThe hook member i5 also moves downwardly over the rib |4 and the bevelled face |1 on said hook 70 portion will seat on the bevelled face I6 of the rib to thoroughlyseal the upper portion of the window. It will be readily seen that there is close engagement completely around a window sash or frame to provide an effective seal there- 75 for to prevent entry of air, dust or rain. The

latch member 6I may then be pivoted to engage the lug 63 under the keeper 04 to anchor the window frames in closed position.

It is believed obvious that I have provided an improved easement window and operating structure therefor which will provide an attractive interior and exterior with a simple, sturdy, economical window mounting that is easy to operate.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A hinge for mounting a easement window sash in a window casing including, a pintle adapted to be mounted on the casing in spaced relation to the window sash and in parallel relation with the sash, said pintle having an enlarged portion at one end forming a shoulder, said shoulder having a recess therein, a sleeve rotatable and slidable on the pintle, one end of said sleeve being closed and the other adapted to abut the shoulder, said sleeve being longer than the pintle to form a space between the pintle and the closed end of the sleeve, a spring in the space to urge sliding movement of the sleeve longitudinally of the pintle and away from the shoulder, a tongue on said other end of the sleeve seating in the recess to lock the sleeve against rotation when said other end abuts the shoulder, an arm on the sleeve having a free end adapted to be secured to the window sash, and interengaging guide means in the sleeve and pintle for controlling the I paths of rotary and sliding movement of the sleeve on said pintle.

lil

2. A hinge for mounting a easement window Y Y sash in a window casing including, a pintle adapted to be mounted onthe casing in spaced relation to the window sash and in parallel relation with the sash, said pintle having an enlarged portion at one end forming a shoulder, said shoulder having a recess therein, a sleeve rotatable and slidable on the pintle, one end of said sleeve being adapted to abut the shoulder, a cap mounted on the other end of the sleeve to close same, said cap being spaced from the pintle to form a space therebetween, a spring in the space having one endk engaging the pintle and the other end the cap to urge sliding movement of the sleeve longitudinally of the pintle and away from the shoulder, a tongue on said other end of the sleeve seating in the recess to lock the sleeve against rotation when said other end abuts the shoulder, an arrn on the sleeve having a free end adapted to be secured to a window sash, said pintle having an L-shaped guide groove arranged on the surface thereof to dene the paths of rotary and sliding movement or" the sleeve, and means in the sleeve engaging the guide groove to control the path of movement of the sleeve on the pintle.

HARRY A. BYRAM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain Aug. 19, 1910 

